Healthy gums play a vital role in protecting your teeth and supporting your overall oral health. Because gum disease often develops slowly and painlessly, many people don’t realize there’s a problem until it becomes advanced. Knowing what unhealthy gums look like can help you recognize early warning signs and seek treatment before serious damage occurs. At Metro City Dentistry, we believe that early awareness is key to maintaining a healthy smile.
What Healthy Gums Should Look Like
Before identifying unhealthy gums, it’s helpful to know what normal, healthy gums look like. Healthy gums are typically:
- Pink or coral in color (though natural shade varies by individual)
- Firm and snug around the teeth
- Not swollen or tender
- Free from bleeding during brushing or flossing
When gums are healthy, they act as a strong barrier against bacteria and help keep teeth stable.
Signs and Appearance of Unhealthy Gums
Unhealthy gums often show visible and noticeable changes. These signs may be mild at first but can worsen over time if left untreated.
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Red, Swollen, or Puffy Gums
One of the earliest signs of gum disease is inflammation. Gums may appear red instead of pink and feel swollen or puffy. This typically indicates gingivitis, the earliest stage of gum disease caused by plaque buildup along the gumline.
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Bleeding Gums
If your gums bleed when you brush, floss, or eat, it’s a strong sign that something isn’t right. Bleeding gums are not normal and often point to inflammation or infection. Even mild, occasional bleeding should not be ignored.
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Gums That Are Tender or Painful
While early gum disease may be painless, unhealthy gums can become sore or sensitive over time. Pain or discomfort while brushing or chewing may indicate infection or advanced inflammation.
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Receding Gums
Gum recession occurs when the gum tissue pulls away from the teeth, making teeth appear longer and exposing the roots. Receding gums can result from gum disease, aggressive brushing, or teeth grinding. Exposed tooth roots are more vulnerable to decay and sensitivity.
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Darkened or Discolored Gums
Unhealthy gums may appear deep red, purplish, or dark brown instead of a healthy pink tone. This discoloration often signals reduced blood flow or ongoing infection.
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Persistent Bad Breath
Chronic bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth can be caused by bacteria trapped beneath the gumline. When gum disease is present, bacteria release toxins that contribute to unpleasant odors that brushing alone can’t fix.
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Pus Between the Teeth and Gums
In more advanced stages of gum disease, pus may be visible where the gums meet the teeth. This is a clear sign of infection and requires immediate dental attention.
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Loose or Shifting Teeth
As gum disease progresses, it can damage the bone and tissues that support your teeth. This may cause teeth to feel loose, shift position, or affect how your bite fits together.
Common Causes of Unhealthy Gums
Several factors can contribute to gum problems, including:
- Poor oral hygiene habits
- Plaque and tartar buildup
- Smoking or tobacco use
- Hormonal changes
- Medical conditions such as diabetes
- Certain medications that reduce saliva flow
Understanding these risk factors can help you take steps to protect your gum health.
Why Unhealthy Gums Are a Serious Concern
Gum disease doesn’t just affect your mouth—it can impact your overall health. Research has linked gum disease to conditions such as heart disease, diabetes complications, and respiratory issues. Left untreated, gum disease can lead to tooth loss and irreversible bone damage.
How Gum Disease Is Treated
Treatment depends on the severity of the condition. Early-stage gum disease may be reversed with professional cleanings and improved oral hygiene. More advanced cases may require deep cleanings, gum therapy, or other periodontal treatments.
At Metro City Dentistry, our team carefully evaluates your gum health and creates a personalized treatment plan to stop disease progression and restore oral health.
Protecting Your Gum Health
Maintaining healthy gums starts with brushing twice daily, flossing every day, and scheduling regular dental checkups. Avoiding tobacco and addressing medical conditions that affect oral health also play an important role.
Schedule a Gum Health Evaluation at Metro City Dentistry
If you notice signs of unhealthy gums, don’t wait. Early treatment can make a significant difference. At Metro City Dentistry, we’re committed to helping patients maintain strong gums and confident smiles. Schedule your appointment today and take the first step toward healthier gums and better oral health.
